DNA & Genetics Study Resources

Unit Outcomes

• Describe and/or predict observed patterns of inheritance (dominant, recessive, co-dominance, incomplete dominance, sex-linked, polygenic, and multiple alleles)
• Describe the processes that can alter composition or number of chromosomes (crossing-over, nondisjunction, duplication, translocation, deletion, insertion, and inversion)
• Describe how the processes of transcription and translation are similar in all organisms.
• Describe the role of ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus. and the nucleus in the production of specific types of proteins.
• Describe how genetic mutations alter the DNA sequence and may or may not affect phenotype (silent, nonsense, frame-shift)  
• Explain how genetic engineering has impacted the fields of medicine, forensics, and agriculture (selective breeding, gene splicing, cloning, genetically modified organisms, gene therapy)

Vocabulary

1. agriculture
2. biotechnology
3. cloning
4. forensics
5. gene recombination
6. gene splicing
7. gene therapy
8. genetic engineering
9. genetically modified organisms (GNO)
10. protein synthesis
11. transcription
12. gene
13. gene expression
14. chromosomal mutation
15. mutation
16. point mutation
17. frame-shift mutation
18. nucleus
19. ribosome
20. translation

21. Golgi apparatus
22. endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
23. genotype
24. phenotype
25. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
26. chromosomes
27. crossing-over
28. DNA replication
29. nondisjunction
30. translocation
31. allele
32. inheritance
33. nucleic acid
34. co-dominance
35. dominant inheritance
36. genetics incomplete dominance
37. multiple alleles
38. polygenic
39. recessive inheritance
40. sex-linked trait

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